Where can calculus be found in relation to the gingiva?

Calculus, or tartar, can be located both above and below the gingiva. This mineralized plaque accumulates on tooth surfaces and can extend beneath the gum line, affecting periodontal health. When calculus builds up above the gingiva, it can irritate the tissues and contribute to inflammation and gum disease. Conversely, subgingival calculus can lead to more significant periodontal issues, as it is often associated with deeper pockets and can harbor bacteria that worsen periodontal conditions. Thus, recognizing that calculus can exist in both locations is essential for proper periodontal assessment and treatment in dental hygiene.