How does calculus affect oral health?

Calculus, which is hardened dental plaque, significantly impacts oral health primarily by creating a source of gingival or periodontal infections. When plaque is allowed to harden into calculus, it forms rough surfaces that can irritate the gums. This irritation can lead to inflammation, commonly known as gingivitis, which is an early form of periodontal disease. If not treated, it can progress to more severe forms of periodontal disease, resulting in deeper periodontal pockets, tissue breakdown, and even tooth loss.

Additionally, the presence of calculus can make it difficult for individuals to maintain proper oral hygiene since it provides an environment conducive to the growth of bacteria. These bacteria can cause further damage to both gum and bone tissues. Regular dental cleanings are essential to remove calculus and help maintain overall oral health, preventing potential complications that arise from periodontal infections.